{"schema":"threatline.record/2","record":{"id":"GHSA-h53f-rm2w-w7rg","aliases":["GHSA-h53f-rm2w-w7rg"],"summary":"Echo: X-Real-IP extractor trusts the header value instead of the sending peer","details":"## Impact\n\nIn Echo v5, `ExtractIPFromRealIPHeader` checked whether the address supplied in `X-Real-IP` belonged to a trusted range instead of checking the address of the direct network peer. An untrusted client could therefore supply a loopback or private address and have it returned by `c.RealIP()` with the extractor's default trust options.\n\nApplications using this extractor for IP allowlists, IP-based rate limiting, audit logs or forwarding headers could accept a spoofed client identity. Exploitation requires that the attacker can reach Echo directly or that an intervening proxy passes through the attacker's `X-Real-IP` value. Applications using the default direct IP extractor are unaffected. Echo v4 is unaffected by this v5 regression.\n\n## Affected versions and patch\n\nAll v5 releases from v5.0.0 through v5.4.0 are affected. Upgrade to [v5.4.1](https://github.com/labstack/echo/releases/tag/v5.4.1).\n\nThe patch validates the direct peer before accepting a syntactically valid `X-Real-IP` value, restoring the v4 trust model. [Fix commit](https://github.com/labstack/echo/commit/1855061e572ae9dab727c811d8382f266bfbaaec).\n\n## Workarounds\n\nUse `ExtractIPDirect` until upgrading, or ensure that only trusted proxies can reach Echo and that they replace client-supplied forwarding headers. Configure trusted proxy ranges narrowly for the deployment.\n\n## Credits\n\nReported and patched by @rm-Umar. @Duodum independently reported the same issue in GHSA-c3r7-8j36-7mx8, which is tracked as a duplicate of this advisory.","categories":["Libraries & packages"],"product":"github.com/labstack/echo/v5","vendor":"","ecosystem":"go","affected_ranges":[{"source":"GitHub Advisory Database","source_url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-h53f-rm2w-w7rg","source_modified_at":"2026-10-23T20:50:27Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T21:10:45.942435Z","package":{"ecosystem":"go","name":"github.com/labstack/echo/v5"},"range":">= 5.0.0, < 5.4.1"},{"source":"OSV","source_url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-h53f-rm2w-w7rg","source_modified_at":"2026-10-23T21:00:04.309169447Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T21:10:45.942435Z","package":{"name":"github.com/labstack/echo/v5","ecosystem":"Go","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/labstack/echo/v5"},"ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"5.0.0"},{"fixed":"5.4.1"}]}],"versions":[]}],"fixed_versions":[{"source":"GitHub Advisory Database","source_url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-h53f-rm2w-w7rg","source_modified_at":"2026-10-23T20:50:27Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T21:10:45.942435Z","package":{"ecosystem":"go","name":"github.com/labstack/echo/v5"},"version":"5.4.1"},{"source":"OSV","source_url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-h53f-rm2w-w7rg","source_modified_at":"2026-10-23T21:00:04.309169447Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T21:10:45.942435Z","package":{"name":"github.com/labstack/echo/v5","ecosystem":"Go","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/labstack/echo/v5"},"version":"5.4.1"}],"cvss":5.3,"severity":"Medium","kev":{"listed":false},"epss":{"probability":null,"percentile":null,"score_date":null},"published_at":"2026-10-23T20:50:25Z","modified_at":"2026-10-23T21:00:04.309169447Z","provenance":[{"source":"GitHub Advisory Database","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-h53f-rm2w-w7rg","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T21:10:45.942435Z","source_modified_at":"2026-10-23T20:50:27Z"},{"source":"OSV","url":"https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-h53f-rm2w-w7rg","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T21:10:45.942435Z","source_modified_at":"2026-10-23T21:00:04.309169447Z"}],"sources":["GitHub Advisory Database","OSV"],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/labstack/echo/security/advisories/GHSA-h53f-rm2w-w7rg","source":"GitHub Advisory Database"},{"url":"https://github.com/labstack/echo/commit/1855061e572ae9dab727c811d8382f266bfbaaec","source":"GitHub Advisory Database"},{"url":"https://github.com/labstack/echo/releases/tag/v5.4.1","source":"GitHub Advisory Database"},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-h53f-rm2w-w7rg","source":"GitHub Advisory Database"}],"locations":[],"motoko_assessment":{"status":"requires_architecture_review","automatic_remediation":false},"classification":{"method":"product-first software-layer rules","rules_version":"2.1","matched_on":"ecosystem","confidence":"heuristic","reviewed":false},"change_timestamp":"2026-10-23T21:00:04.309169447Z","content_hash":"e5c462070f9a80f40fce3cdf68db8fc2ad54e609543b298724ba997ffb10c7de"}}