{"schema":"threatline.record/2","record":{"id":"CVE-2025-22224","aliases":[],"summary":"VMware ESXi and Workstation TOCTOU Race Condition Vulnerability","details":"VMware ESXi and Workstation contain a time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition vulnerability that leads to an out-of-bounds write. Successful exploitation enables an attacker with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine to execute code as the virtual machine's VMX process running on the host.","categories":["Containers & cloud"],"product":"ESXi and Workstation","vendor":"VMware","ecosystem":null,"affected_ranges":[{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22224","source_modified_at":"2026-02-26T19:09:47.563Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:42:43.628194Z","product":"ESXi","vendor":"VMware","versions":[{"lessThan":"ESXi80U3d-24585383","status":"affected","version":"8.0","versionType":"custom"},{"lessThan":"ESXi80U2d-24585300","status":"affected","version":"8.0","versionType":"custom"},{"lessThan":"ESXi70U3s-24585291","status":"affected","version":"7.0","versionType":"custom"}],"defaultStatus":"unaffected"},{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22224","source_modified_at":"2026-02-26T19:09:47.563Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:42:43.628194Z","product":"Workstation","vendor":"VMware","versions":[{"lessThan":"17.6.3","status":"affected","version":"17.x","versionType":"custom"}],"defaultStatus":"unaffected"},{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22224","source_modified_at":"2026-02-26T19:09:47.563Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:42:43.628194Z","product":"VMware Cloud Foundation","vendor":"VMware","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"5.x, 4.5.x"}],"defaultStatus":"unaffected"},{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22224","source_modified_at":"2026-02-26T19:09:47.563Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:42:43.628194Z","product":"Telco Cloud Platform","vendor":"VMware","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"5.x, 4.x, 3.x, 2.x"}],"defaultStatus":"unaffected"},{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22224","source_modified_at":"2026-02-26T19:09:47.563Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:42:43.628194Z","product":"Telco Cloud Infrastructure","vendor":"VMware","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"3.x, 2.x"}],"defaultStatus":"unaffected"}],"fixed_versions":[{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22224","source_modified_at":"2026-02-26T19:09:47.563Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:42:43.628194Z","package":{"name":"Workstation","ecosystem":null},"version":"17.6.3","basis":"first unaffected version stated in the CVE record"}],"cvss":9.3,"severity":"Critical","kev":{"listed":true,"date_added":"2025-03-04","due_date":"2025-03-25","required_action":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","ransomware_campaign_use":"Unknown"},"epss":{"probability":0.01561,"percentile":0.75061,"score_date":"2026-10-23"},"published_at":"2025-03-04T11:56:12.317Z","modified_at":"2026-02-26T19:09:47.563Z","provenance":[{"source":"CISA KEV","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:42:43.628194Z","source_modified_at":"2026-10-23T17:00:09.9001Z"},{"source":"CVE List","url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22224","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:42:43.628194Z","source_modified_at":"2026-02-26T19:09:47.563Z"},{"source":"EPSS","url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-22224","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:42:43.628194Z","source_modified_at":"2026-10-23"}],"sources":["CISA KEV","CVE List","EPSS"],"references":[{"source":"CVE List","url":"https://support.broadcom.com/web/ecx/support-content-notification/-/external/content/SecurityAdvisories/0/25390"},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22224","source":"CISA KEV"},{"source":"CVE List","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-22224","tags":["government-resource"]}],"locations":[],"motoko_assessment":{"status":"requires_architecture_review","automatic_remediation":false},"cve_state":"PUBLISHED","cvss_source":"CVE List","ssvc":{"exploitation":"active","automatable":"no","technical_impact":"total","assessed_at":"2025-03-05T04:55:22.499570Z"},"classification":{"method":"product-first software-layer rules","rules_version":"2.1","matched_on":"product","confidence":"heuristic","reviewed":false},"change_timestamp":"2026-02-26T19:09:47.563Z","content_hash":"aeb7de765de94657ab4e41b79aa1c65f20e10275f26c0035266c17f7dabfac4e"}}