{"schema":"threatline.record/2","record":{"id":"CVE-2025-13591","aliases":[],"summary":"Username Enumeration via Authentication Endpoint in WSO2 Identity Server Allows User Account Discovery","details":"The authentication endpoint of WSO2 Identity Server fails to provide a consistent system response when a username does not exist in the system, allowing attackers to differentiate between valid and invalid usernames. This difference in responses can be leveraged to enumerate existing user accounts.\n\nSuccessful exploitation enables an attacker to discover valid usernames within the system, significantly increasing the risk of subsequent attacks such as brute force attacks on user credentials, social engineering attacks, and information leakage. The discovered usernames can be used to craft targeted phishing emails or other social engineering campaigns.","categories":["Unclassified"],"product":"WSO2 Identity Server","vendor":"WSO2","ecosystem":null,"affected_ranges":[{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13591","source_modified_at":"2026-10-20T19:32:03.360Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:45:31.882637Z","product":"WSO2 Identity Server","vendor":"WSO2","versions":[{"status":"unknown","version":"0","lessThan":"7.0.0","versionType":"custom"},{"status":"affected","version":"7.0.0","lessThan":"7.0.0.134","versionType":"custom"},{"status":"affected","version":"7.1.0","lessThan":"7.1.0.42","versionType":"custom"}],"defaultStatus":"unaffected"},{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13591","source_modified_at":"2026-10-20T19:32:03.360Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:45:31.882637Z","product":"WSO2 Carbon Abstract OTP Authenticator","vendor":"WSO2","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"1.0.5","lessThan":"1.0.5.3","versionType":"custom"},{"status":"affected","version":"1.0.10","lessThan":"1.0.10.2","versionType":"custom"}],"defaultStatus":"unknown"},{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13591","source_modified_at":"2026-10-20T19:32:03.360Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:45:31.882637Z","product":"Email OTP Authenticator","vendor":"WSO2","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"1.0.18","lessThan":"1.0.18.8","versionType":"custom"},{"status":"affected","version":"1.0.30","lessThan":"1.0.30.5","versionType":"custom"}],"defaultStatus":"unknown"}],"fixed_versions":[{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13591","source_modified_at":"2026-10-20T19:32:03.360Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:45:31.882637Z","package":{"name":"WSO2 Identity Server","ecosystem":null},"version":"7.0.0.134","basis":"first unaffected version stated in the CVE record"},{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13591","source_modified_at":"2026-10-20T19:32:03.360Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:45:31.882637Z","package":{"name":"WSO2 Identity Server","ecosystem":null},"version":"7.1.0.42","basis":"first unaffected version stated in the CVE record"},{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13591","source_modified_at":"2026-10-20T19:32:03.360Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:45:31.882637Z","package":{"name":"WSO2 Carbon Abstract OTP Authenticator","ecosystem":null},"version":"1.0.5.3","basis":"first unaffected version stated in the CVE record"},{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13591","source_modified_at":"2026-10-20T19:32:03.360Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:45:31.882637Z","package":{"name":"WSO2 Carbon Abstract OTP Authenticator","ecosystem":null},"version":"1.0.10.2","basis":"first unaffected version stated in the CVE record"},{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13591","source_modified_at":"2026-10-20T19:32:03.360Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:45:31.882637Z","package":{"name":"Email OTP Authenticator","ecosystem":null},"version":"1.0.18.8","basis":"first unaffected version stated in the CVE record"},{"source":"CVE List","source_url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13591","source_modified_at":"2026-10-20T19:32:03.360Z","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:45:31.882637Z","package":{"name":"Email OTP Authenticator","ecosystem":null},"version":"1.0.30.5","basis":"first unaffected version stated in the CVE record"}],"cvss":5.3,"severity":"Medium","kev":{"listed":false},"epss":{"probability":0.00225,"percentile":0.12488,"score_date":"2026-10-23"},"published_at":"2026-10-19T16:45:59.519Z","modified_at":"2026-10-20T19:32:03.360Z","provenance":[{"source":"CVE List","url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-13591","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:45:31.882637Z","source_modified_at":"2026-10-20T19:32:03.360Z"},{"source":"EPSS","url":"https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-13591","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T18:42:43.628194Z","source_modified_at":"2026-10-23"}],"sources":["CVE List","EPSS"],"references":[{"source":"CVE List","url":"https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4583/","tags":["vendor-advisory"]}],"locations":[],"motoko_assessment":{"status":"requires_architecture_review","automatic_remediation":false},"cve_state":"PUBLISHED","cvss_source":"CVE List","ssvc":{"exploitation":"none","automatable":"no","technical_impact":"partial","assessed_at":"2026-10-20T19:31:55.443304Z"},"classification":{"method":"product-first software-layer rules","rules_version":"2.1","matched_on":null,"confidence":"unknown","reviewed":false},"change_timestamp":"2026-10-20T19:32:03.360Z","content_hash":"3c239cc173aad035d7f7ddd842391946b2e50565b8c6e45d41487830672fa2d1"}}